The working principle of compression accessories mainly includes the working principles of two main types: piston compressors and screw compressors.
Working principle of piston compressors
The piston compressor achieves gas compression through a cylinder, a valve, and a piston that reciprocates in the cylinder. When the piston moves from the top dead center to the bottom dead center of the cylinder, the cylinder volume increases, the pressure decreases, and the outside air enters the cylinder through the intake valve under the action of the pressure difference. When the piston moves to the bottom dead center, the cylinder is filled with air, and the intake valve is closed under the action of the spring to complete the intake process. Subsequently, the piston moves to the top dead center, the air in the cylinder is compressed, the volume decreases, and the pressure gradually increases. When the compressed air pressure exceeds the combined force of the outlet valve spring and the pressure in the pipe, the outlet valve opens to complete the exhaust process.
Working principle of screw compressors
The cylinder of the screw compressor contains a pair of intermeshing spiral rotors, namely the yin and yang rotors. Both rotors are equipped with several concave teeth and rotate in opposite directions during the rotation process. The main rotor (male rotor or male rotor) is driven by an engine or electric motor, and the other rotor (female rotor or female rotor) is driven by the oil film sprayed from the main rotor or the synchronous gear. The length and diameter of the rotor directly affect the exhaust volume and exhaust pressure of the compressor. The longer the rotor, the higher the pressure generated; the larger the rotor diameter, the greater the flow rate.
Application fields and advantages and disadvantages of compressors
Piston compressors have a simple structure, high durability and relatively affordable prices, but their compression efficiency may be slightly inferior to that of screw compressors. Screw compressors have higher compression efficiency and stability, and are suitable for occasions that require continuous and stable air supply, but their structure is relatively complex and the cost is higher.
